In the era of globalization and intense competition, the research and development national organizations have been in the strong dilemma for the efficient activities. When part of the national capital would be invested on research and development centers, these centers are responsible of the answer for their performance. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the relative efficiency the Iran's research and development performance in the region in both sectors: the production and publishing of knowledge using Network DEA. So the research and development activities from 14 countries region were extracted to assess their relative efficiency. In the production sector, the inputs such as enrollment rates in the sciences and engineering fields, number researchers, costs research and development and the outputs such as number patents, number papers engineering and scientific were used. In sector publishing of knowledge, the inputs such as number patents, number papers engineering and scientific and outputs such as export technology modern and mean reference to the articles were used. The results showed that in the sector of the production of knowledge, four countries and in the sector of the publishing of knowledge, nine countries were inefficient. It was noteworthy that Iran in the sector of the production of knowledge did not have the proper place between the selected countries, but in the sector of the publishing of knowledge it was able to gain maximum efficiency from the DEA models..