Blockchain Technology and Its Impact on Transparency, Security, and Efficiency in Supply Chain Management

Hamed Mousa, Sura; Taleb Hussain, Refat; Gulmira Asilidinovna, Shamshieva; Adnan Taher, Nada; Fadhel Mahdi, Akram

doi:10.22034/jipm.2025.728113

Blockchain Technology and Its Impact on Transparency, Security, and Efficiency in Supply Chain Management

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

Sura Hamed Mousa ¹

Refat Taleb Hussain ²

Shamshieva Gulmira Asilidinovna ³

Nada Adnan Taher ⁴

Akram Fadhel Mahdi ⁵

¹ Al-Turath University, Baghdad 10013, Iraq

² Al-Mansour University College, Baghdad 10067, Iraq

³ Osh State University, Osh City 723500, Kyrgyzstan

⁴ Al-Rafidain University College Baghdad 10064, Iraq

⁵ Madenat Alelem University College, Baghdad 10006, Iraq

10.22034/jipm.2025.728113

Abstract

ABSTRACT
Background: The length and depth of global supply networks have been rising over time, causing permanent problems in visibility, protection, and performance. Blockchain technology has come out as a disruptive technology to tackle all these problems, by providing decentralized, safe and transparent systems.
Objective: This article examines the use of blockchain technology within the context of supply chain and specifically digs deeper into the area of increased transparency, security and subsequent efficient supply chain transactions. The aim is to show that it is possible to transform resource supply chain operations through blockchain and engender trust amongst stakeholders.
Methods: Permissioned blockchain system has been design and implemented using proof of Authority (PoA) consensus algorithm. IoT sensors were deployed to obtain data in real-time, and smart contracts were incorporated to perform the tasks of product evaluation, and payment authorization. The performance of the system was assessed depending on the indicators including the number of transactions per time or volume per time, time taken for each transaction, auditability and workability.
Results: The combination of high transaction throughput with low latency made the blockchain system scalable as well as operationally stable. Smart contracts were able to minimize the time taken and mistakes, and improve the integration of IoT in relation to tracing transactions in real time. The system also proved that it had the ability to withstand cyber assaults and no data were compromised.
Conclusion: Based on the analysis of supply chain problems, blockchain technology can be used to transform supply chain management. Furthermore, more studies should be done on the future compatibility of the usage of such a system with new technology trends and also its implementation in multiple regions supply chain to harness this valuable system.

Keywords

KEYWORDS: Blockchain

supply chain management

transparency

security

traceability

smart contracts

decentralized

scalability

data integrity

SCM (Supply Chain Management)

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