Quantum Cryptography in Telecommunications as a New Era of Secure Communications

M. Zayer, Mustafa; S. Rahma, Abdul Monem; Abdymanap Ziiaidinovich, Pirmatov; Saeed Issa, Samer; Almansoori, Khalid Waleed Nassar

doi:10.22034/jipm.2025.728124

Quantum Cryptography in Telecommunications as a New Era of Secure Communications

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

Mustafa M. Zayer ¹

Abdul Monem S. Rahma ²

Pirmatov Abdymanap Ziiaidinovich ³

Samer Saeed Issa ⁴

Khalid Waleed Nassar Almansoori ⁵

¹ Al-Turath University, Baghdad 10013, Iraq,

² Al-Mansour University College, Baghdad 10067, Iraq

³ Osh State University, Osh City 723500, Kyrgyzstan

⁴ Al-Rafidain University College Baghdad 10064, Iraq

⁵ Madenat Alelem University College, Baghdad 10006, Iraq

10.22034/jipm.2025.728124

Abstract

Background: Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) has turned into a crucial point for secure communication in the era of quantum networks. Quantum key distribution provides the client with a theoretically secure key by taking advantage of the principles of quantum mechanics to counteract what could be posed by quantum computing to classical cryptography. Photons are lost in the system and there are some limitations which don’t allow scalability and integration with already existing networks.
Objective: The study seeks to assess the viability of QKD systems, review some of the challenges associated with it, and investigate possible methods of utilizing both QKD and PQC to cope with new security threats in telecommunication industry.
Methods: An in-depth analysis was made based on the experimental observations of key generation rates, photon loss, error correction, data throughput, and latency. Performance of quantum repeaters was experimented with for the purposes of measuring distance improvement abilities. A combined QKD-PQC approach was assessed for integrated integration for restricted settings.
Results: QKD was seen to have high security and high performance in short distances and when quantum repeaters were implemented the distance could be greatly enhanced. In the QKD-PQC model, the rate of error correction, throughput, and scalability was noticed to be higher than in standalone QKD. Challenges that faced the work were photon loss, processing latency, and system vulnerabilities.
Conclusion: New opportunities for secure communication are opened with QKD supported by quantum repeaters and hybrid cryptographic approaches. The technical and operational issues need to be resolved to realize the potential role of B3G evolution in enabling global telecommunications for the mass market.

Keywords

KEYWORDS: Quantum cryptography

telecommunications

quantum key distribution (QKD)

secure communications

data security

quantum-resistant algorithms

encryption

cyber threats

quantum mechanics

post-quantum cryptography

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