Beyond 5G. Strategic Pathways to 6G Development and Emerging Applications

Maktoof, Mohammed Abdul Jaleel; Ghanim Ali, Zaid; Bektur Abyrahmanovich, Azimov; Khalil, Ibraheem Mohammed; Nassar, Waleed

doi:10.22034/jipm.2025.728111

Beyond 5G. Strategic Pathways to 6G Development and Emerging Applications

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

Mohammed Abdul Jaleel Maktoof ¹

Zaid Ghanim Ali ²

Azimov Bektur Abyrahmanovich ³

Ibraheem Mohammed Khalil ⁴

Waleed Nassar ⁵

¹ Al-Turath University, Baghdad 10013, Iraq

² Al-Mansour University College, Baghdad 10067, Iraq

³ Osh State University, Osh City 723500, Kyrgyzstan,

⁴ Al-Rafidain University College Baghdad 10064, Iraq

⁵ Madenat Alelem University College, Baghdad 10006, Iraq

10.22034/jipm.2025.728111

Abstract

ABSTRACT
Background: The rapid evolution from 4G to 5G has transformed the telecommunications landscape, but as technological demands continue to grow, the shift toward 6G is gaining attention. 6G aims to address the limitations of 5G, such as latency and bandwidth constraints, while introducing new capabilities like terahertz communication and ubiquitous AI integration.
Objective: This article explores the development roadmap of 6G, highlighting its applications across industries and addressing key challenges in its deployment.
Methods: A comprehensive review of current literature on 5G advancements and emerging 6G technologies was conducted. Comparative analyses were performed on the theoretical frameworks of 6G’s core capabilities, including network architecture, spectrum management, and AI integration.
Results: The study identified key applications for 6G, such as smart cities, autonomous transportation, healthcare, and industrial automation. It also highlighted the anticipated improvements in data transmission speed, reliability, and connectivity.
Conclusion: 6G represents a pivotal evolution in telecommunications, offering transformation in numerous sectors. However, challenges such as infrastructure development, regulatory frameworks, and energy efficiency must be addressed.

Keywords

KEYWORDS: 6G

Beyond 5G

terahertz communication

smart cities

autonomous systems

AI integration

latency reduction

spectrum management

network architecture

industrial automation

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