Iranian Journal of Information Processing and Management

Iranian Journal of Information Processing and Management

The Integration of Humans and Machines: a Legal Reflection on Intelligent Brain Implants (Intelligent Brain Implants)

Document Type : Original Article

Author
Mahdieh Latifzadeh
Assistant professor of private law, Department (The Research Group) of Islamic Jurisprudence and Law, Institute for Islamic Studies in Humanities, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
10.22034/jipm.2025.2057325.1977
Abstract
The realization of intelligent brain implant technology represents a profound transformation in human-machine interaction. Despite its numerous advantages, this development poses complex legal challenges for societies. This research aims to accurately identify the legal challenges arising from this emerging technology and to propose appropriate legal solutions, addressing its implications for fundamental human rights in areas such as informational privacy and data protection, civil and criminal liabilities, and intellectual property rights. In this context, the present study employs a descriptive-analytical approach, utilizing comparative methods to gather and analyze qualitative data from the experiences of various legal systems. According to the findings, extensive surveillance and utilization of personal data, the risk of violating informational privacy and data security through biological hacking, ambiguity in determining the legal nature of chips (as objects or parts of the human body), and the issue of attributing civil and criminal liabilities for actions taken by chip users are among the most significant challenges in this field. Additionally, challenges arise in conventional concepts of creator and inventor within intellectual property law.To address these challenges, this research proposes two main solutions: first, leveraging existing legal frameworks (such as laws governing medical devices, robotics, artificial intelligence, and personal data protection); and second, developing new and specific legal frameworks that can effectively safeguard individuals' rights in various aspects related to this emerging technology. The results of this study not only provide practical solutions for the forthcoming challenges but also closely relate to the primary objective—identifying and resolving legal issues arising from these novel technologies. The significance of these findings lies in their theoretical contribution to the development of legal literature concerning human-technology interaction, as well as their practical implications for effective legislation and protection of individuals' rights against the complex consequences of this technology.
Keywords
Data Protection, Intellectual Property Rights, Cyborg (Mechanical Human), Civil Liability
Subjects
 
فهرست منابع
لطیف‌زاده، مهدیه، سید محمدمهدی قبولی درافشان، سعید محسنی، و محمد عابدی. ۱۴۰۲. چگونگی پردازش داده‌ی شخصی خاص در حقوق اتحادیه اروپا و بررسی آن در نظام حقوقی ایران. پژوهشنامه پردازش و مدیریت اطلاعات ۳۹ (۱): ۱۵۷-۱۹۹. شناسه برنمود دیجیتالی: /10.22034/jipm.2023.706403
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_____. ۱۴۰۰. طرح حمایت و حفاظت از داده و اطلاعات شخصی. تهران: مرکز پژوهش‌های مجلس شورای اسلامی.
_____. ۱۴۰3. طرح الزام به انتشار داده و اطلاعات. تهران: مرکز پژوهش‌های مجلس شورای اسلامی.
_____. ۱۴۰۳. طرح حفاظت از داده‌های شخصی. تهران: مرکز پژوهش‌های مجلس شورای اسلامی.
وزارت ارتباطات و فناوری اطلاعات. ۱۳۹۷. پیش‌نویس لایحه صیانت و حفاظت از داده‌های شخصی. تهران: وزارت ارتباطات و فناوری اطلاعات.
وزارت بهداشت، درمان و آموزش پزشکی. ۱۳۹۴. آیین‌نامه تجهیزات و ملزومات پزشکی. تهران: وزارت بهداشت، درمان و آموزش پزشکی.
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  • Receive Date 08 April 2025
  • Revise Date 25 June 2025
  • Accept Date 08 July 2025