تحلیل بستر قانونی حمایت از داده شخصی در اتحادیه اروپا

نویسندگان

دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد؛ مشهد، ایران؛

چکیده

داده‌های شخصی اهمیت اقتصادی فراوانی دارند، به‌طوری‌که آن‌ها را پول آینده نامیده‌اند. در عین ‌حال، محیط‌هایی که اشخاص در آن‌ها زندگی می‌کنند و به‌طور مداوم با آن‌ها سروکار دارند، داده‌های اشخاص را جمع‌آوری و پردازش کرده و به ‌شیوه‌های مختلف از داده‌ها استفاده می‌کنند. بنابراین، ضرورت وجود قوانینی که از این امر ارزشمند در مقابلِ استفاده‌های فراوان حفاظت کند، احساس می‌شود. مهم‌ترین بستر قانونی برای حمایت از داده شخصی، مقررات عمومی حفاظت از داده (GDPR) است. این مقررات در سال ۲۰۱۶ توسط پارلمان و شورای اروپا تصویب و از سال ۲۰۱۸ در تمامی کشورهای عضو اتحادیه اروپا لازم‌الاجرا شده است و به‌دلیل ویژگی‌ها و حمایت‌های بدیع و دقیق خود، جامع‌ترین بستر قانونی در خصوص حمایت از داده است. به‌ جهت اهمیت GDPR در خصوص حفاظت از داده‌‌های شخصی، معرفی این بستر قانونی، پرداختن به مفاهیم اساسی، دامنه اعمال و بیان نقاط قوت این مقررات به‌منظور درک بهتر حمایت‌های مندرج در GDPR ضروری است. پژوهش حاضر با تتبع در مقررات مذکور و منابع مرتبط، به این مهم می‌پردازد و در جهت شفاف‌سازی این مقررات برای کمک به تدوین بستر قانونی مناسب، در خصوص حمایت از داده شخصی در نظام حقوقی ایران گام برمی‌دارد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Analysis of the Legal Framework for the Protection of Personal Data in the European Union

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mahdieh Latifzadeh
  • Sayyed Mohammad Mahdi Qabuli Dorafshan
  • Saeed Mohseni
  • Mohammed Abedi
چکیده [English]

Personal data is of great economic importance, which is called the currency of the future, but the environment in which people live and work with it constantly, collect and process personal data and use it in a variety of ways. Therefore, there is a need for laws that protect this valuable thing. The most important legal framework for the protection of personal data is the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR). This regulation was approved in 2016 and came into force in 2018, and is currently the most comprehensive framework for the protection of personal data. However, in previous years the EU has enacted legislation on the protection of personal data (Personal Data Protection Directive 1995), but this regulation is the most complete legal framework for data protection due to its innovative features and protections. Due to the importance of this regulation in the protection of personal data, it is necessary to introduce this legal framework and express the basic concepts, scope of application and strengths of this regulation in order to better understand the protections contained in the GDPR. The present article, by searching this regulation and related sources, states this and takes steps to clarify this regulation to help formulate an appropriate legal framework regarding the protection of personal data in the Iranian legal system.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • GDPR
  • personal data
  • Processing
  • controller
  • Processor

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  • تاریخ دریافت: 19 آذر 1401
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 07 خرداد 1402
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 19 آذر 1401
  • تاریخ اولین انتشار: 19 آذر 1401

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