A Pathway to Ultra-Fast Data Transmission for Next-Generation Networks through Terahertz Communication in 6G

Sabah, Sura; Taleb Hussain, Refat; Ularbek Duishobekovich, Moldoiarov; Mahmood Jawad, Haider; Abbas, Intesar

doi:10.22034/jipm.2025.728403

A Pathway to Ultra-Fast Data Transmission for Next-Generation Networks through Terahertz Communication in 6G

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

Sura Sabah ¹

Refat Taleb Hussain ²

Moldoiarov Ularbek Duishobekovich ³

Haider Mahmood Jawad ⁴

Intesar Abbas ⁵

¹ Al-Turath University, Baghdad 10013, Iraq

² Al-Mansour University College, Baghdad 10067, Iraq

³ Osh State University, Osh City 723500, Kyrgyzstan

⁴ Al-Rafidain University College Baghdad 10064, Iraq

⁵ Madenat Alelem University College, Baghdad 10006, Iraq

10.22034/jipm.2025.728403

Abstract

ABSTRACT
Background: As the demand for ultra-fast, low-latency communication continues to rise, Terahertz (THz) communication has emerged as a promising candidate for enabling next-generation 6G networks. However, environmental sensitivity and hardware challenges pose significant limitations.
Objective: This study investigates the potential of THz communication to support ultra-high data transfer rates in 6G networks, with a focus on the impact of environmental conditions, hardware complexity, and modulation techniques.
Method: Through simulation analysis under both optimal and adverse environmental conditions, the performance of THz communication was assessed. The study also explores emerging materials and adaptive technologies to mitigate performance degradation.
Results: Under optimal conditions, THz communication demonstrated the ability to achieve data rates up to 8.5 Tbps with approximately 1 ms latency at 10 THz. However, in high humidity and non-line-of-sight (NLOS) scenarios, performance declined significantly, with the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) dropping from 35 dB to 18 dB and the bit error rate (BER) increasing from 3×10⁻³ to 4×10⁻². Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) outperformed Quadrature Amplitude Modulation (QAM) in BER under varying conditions. The integration of advanced materials such as graphene and photonic crystals, along with intelligent reflecting surfaces (IRS), showed promise in enhancing signal quality and thermal management.
Conclusion: While THz communication exhibits strong potential for supporting the high-speed, low-latency demands of 6G, environmental vulnerabilities and hardware complexity remain key challenges. Future research should prioritize the development of cost-effective, scalable materials and adaptive technologies to improve performance and deployment feasibility in diverse conditions.

Keywords

KEYWORDS: Terahertz Communication

6G Networks

Ultra-Fast Data Transmission

High-Frequency Bands

THz Technology

Spectrum Allocation

Signal Integrity

Low-Latency Communication

Next-Generation Networks

Data Throughput

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